SHIKSHA FOR ALL

HOW STRESS CAN MAKE YOU SICK Cramming for a test trying to get more done than you've time to do stress is a feeling we all experience. when we are challenged or overwhelmed but more than just an emotion stress is a hard wired physical response that travels throughout your entire body in the short term stress can be advantageous but when activated too often or too long your primitive fight or flight stress response not only changes.  Your brain but also damages many of the other organs and cells throughout Your body your adrenal gland releases the stress hormones cortisol epidemic fran also known as adrenaline and Nora E. B. ineffably as these hormones travel through your bloodstream they easily reach your blood vessels and heart adrenaline causes your heart to beat faster and raises your blood pressure over time causing hypertension. Cortisol can also cause the endothelium or inner lining of blood vessels to not function normally scientists now know that this is an earl...

CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS IN MALES AND FEMALES CONTRACEPTIVE MEASURES IN MALES A. Conventional methods It means those methods that require action at the time of sexual intercourse, such as use of condom (trade name Nirodh, a Sanskrit word, meaning prevention).  The aim of these methods is to prevent live sperm from meeting the ovum. They are effective only if used consistently and carefully. Advantages   1. Easy to use; 2. Free from side-effects, and 3. Provide protection against sexually transmitted diseases (STD). B. Coitus interruptus  i.e. withdrawal of penis  before ejaculation. Disadvantage: Slightest mistake in timing the withdrawal or even a drop of semen is sufficient to cause pregnancy. C. Vasectomy   i.e. bilateral ligation of the vas deferens.  Advantage: It is relatively safe and convenient method. Disadvantage: 50% of vasectomized patients develop antibodies against sperms, therefore, in case of those patients wishing to r...

The development of several vaccines against the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in less than a year has given us all hope of a release from the pandemic. Now the goal has shifted to ensuring widespread vaccine coverage is achieved as quickly as possible around the globe. However , it is unlikely that any of the vaccines will be 100% effective at stopping transmission or infection. BREAKTHROUGH INFECTION There is a small risk that some fully vaccinated people will get infected. This  is known as a "breakthrough infection" - and it's entirely  expected It  is important to realise the limitations of vaccines. No  vaccine offers full protection to everyone who receives it. WHY BREAKTHROUGH HAPPENS ? This is possibly because different arms of the immune response produce different defences, namely antibodies, which are Y-shaped proteins that lock onto germs and neutralise them, And  T cells, which find and destroy infected cells. Antibodies  are ...

A vitamin is an organic molecule that is an essential micronutrient which an organism needs in small quantities for the proper functioning of its metabolism. Animals cannot sustain a healthy life if they are fed on a diet having only carbohydrates, fats and proteins. They also require vitamins in small quantities in the range of milligrams or micrograms. These function as coenzymes in metabolic reactions. The synthetic ability for vitamins also varies among different animal species and those essential vitamins that the animal cannot synthesise must come from its dietary sources. For instance, most animals can synthesise ascorbic acid but humans cannot. We also depend on intestinal bacteria to synthesise vitamin and B₁2. Fat soluble vitamins like A, D, E and K can be stored in the fat deposits of the body but vitamins that are water soluble like B or C need to be supplied continually as they are lost through urine. The deficiency of vitamins can lead to diseases or disorder o f structur...

PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLE OF IMPORTANT MINERALS Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen are the most common elements that make up 96% of the total weight of a mammal. The next most abundant elements are calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, sodium, chlorine and magnesium. These make up nearly the remaining 4%. Fifteen additional elements are required but their total combined amount in mammalian body is less than 0.01% of the body weight. APPROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF HUMAN TISSUE Elements per cent body weight Element 1.Oxygen (65.0%) 2.Carbon (18.0%) 3.Hydrogen (10.0%) 4.Nitrogen (3.0%) 5.Calcium (1.93%) 6.Phosphorus (1.12%) 7.Potassium (0.35%) 8.Sulphur (0.25%) 9.Sodium (0.15%) 10.Chlorine (0.15%) 11.Magnesium (0.05%) 1. Sodium (Na) Physiological Role Main extracellular positive ion Regulates plasma volume, acid base balance: nerve and muscle function. Deficiency Disease Unknown on normal diet Secondary in illness or injury. Source Table salt, sal added to prepared food. 2. Potassi...

NUTRITION All animals are heterotrophs and require food from the environment.  If the food of a number of different animals is broken down we find that it consists. 1. proteins  2. carbohydrates 3. fats 4. water 5. minerals 6. vitamins All animals require the above-mentioned broad categories of nutrients although in different amounts. Some of these nutrients are used mainly as fuel.  • carbohydrates • fats While others are required principally as structural and functional components. • proteins • minerals • vitamins 1. PROTEIN Proteins are continually synthesised in the cells as they are the principal component required for growth. Proteins are composed of amino acids which are derived largely from the diet and partly from the breakdown of protein available in the body. All proteins are made from about 20 different amino acids in various y combinations. • Non-essential  amino acids The amino acids that are synthesised in the body are called non-essential ...

HEALTH BENEFITS OF LEMONGRASS Lemongrass is a tropical plant and is indeed a citrus flavored, slightly lemony flavored grass. It is a magical plant that comes with lots of health benefits that cure many health related problems. Lemongrass tea has long been acclaimed in the herbal tea market for its strong aroma and tangy taste, Lemongrass benefits skin by detoxifying it, helps prevent gastrointestinal disorders and elevates the immunity.                   Home grown lemongrass plant • Lemongrass contains many vitamins such as: 1. Vitamin A 2. Vitamin B1 3. Vitamin B2 4. Vitamin B5 5. Vitamin B6 6. Vitamin C • Lemongrass contains many minerals such as: 1. calcium 2. potassium 3. manganese 4. magnesium 5. iron • some powerful antioxidant found in lemongrass are     listed below: 1. chlorogenic acid 2. isoorientin 3. swertiajaponin lemongrass contains these three antioxidants, which can help...

HOLY BASIL (TULSI) The Queen of all Herbs Ocimum tenuiflorum, commonly known as holy basil or tulsi, is an aromatic perennial plant in the family Lamiaceae. It is native to the Indian subcontinent and widespread as a cultivated plant throughout the Southeast Asian tropics. India is known for making natural home remedies which can help in a lot of ways whether it is any kind of illness or if you want to reduce weight or stay fit and healthy. It is rich in antioxidants which help in mitigating stress and conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure and so on. Tulsi has linoleic acid which is extremely beneficial for the skin. Tulsi leaves have volatile and fixed oils which can help fight allergies, infections, and pathogens. Below mentioned are some of the health benefits of Tulsi leaves  Ayurveda equates tulsi to gold. This plant is packed with health benefits and is one of the best natural remedies for a variety of health problems. 12 HEALTH BENEFITS OF HOLY BASIL (TUL...

BENEFITS OF DATES Dates are high in natural sugar, so many people think they may not be good for them. However, these sweet fruits are packed with plenty of nutrients, making them an excellent snack in moderation. Phoenix dactylifera, commonly known as date or date palm is a flowering plant species in the palm family, Arecaceae, cultivated for its edible sweet fruit. The species is widely cultivated across Northern Africa, the Middle East and South Asia, and is naturalized in many tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. P. dactylifera is the type species of genus Phoenix, which contains 12–19 species of wild date palms, and is the major source of commercial production. REASONS TO EAT DATES Dates have an excellent nutrition profile. NUTRITION   • Dietary Fiber 32% • Carbohydrate 25%  • Calories 14%  • Protein 5% VITAMINS   • Vitamin B6 8%  • Niacin 6%  • Pantothenic acid 6%  • Folate 5% MINERALS   • Potassium 19%  • Manganese 1...